高中英语试题及答案解析

来源：高中答案英语试题

高中英语试题及答案解析

英语试题

注意事项:

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

2023年高考英语新课标1

24:56

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一-小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例: How much is the shirt?

A. ? 19.15. B. ? 9.18. C. ? 9.15.

答案是C。

1. What will Jack probably do this weekend?

A. Go camping. B. Visit a friend. C. Watch a film.

2. What does the woman ask the man to do?

A. Take care of her bags.B. Pack the food for her. C. Check the train schedule.

3. When will the man see Bob?

A. This Friday. B. This Saturday. C. Next Monday.

4. Why does the man apologize?

A. For the terrible food. B. For the overcharge. C. For the waiter's rudeness.

5. What are the speakers talking about?

A. Writing a book. B. Holding a celebration. C. Buying a present.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5 分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳

选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后,

各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. Why does Sara make the phone call?

A. To ask for advice. B. To arrange an outing. C. To cancel an appointment.

7. What does David want to do?

A. Go to a dinner party. B. Talk to Sara in person. C. Work on the new case.

听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

8. Where is Jim now?

A. In a taxi. B. On a bus. C. In his office.

9. What is the woman's suggestion?

A. Going to the city center. B. Taking a short cut home. C. Meeting Jim in the park.

听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。

10. What did Clara do at the weekend?

A. She planted vegetables. B. She went to a yard sale. C. She visited her grandpa.

11. What did Mark find inside one of the books he bought?

A. A plane ticket. B. A family photo. C. A post card.

12. Where does Mark live?

A. Los Angeles. B. Chicago. C. Philadelphia.

13. What is the relationship between Mark and Ashley?

A. Brother and sister. B. Husband and wife. C. Father and daughter.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14. What is probably the woman?

A. A teacher. B. A journalist. C. An athlete.

15. What does Victor find difficult as a member of the basketball team?

A. Adapting himself to the intense training.

B. Dealing with the pressure from the coach.

C. Regaining the skills learned in high school.

16. What does Victor say about the players on the team?

A. They are of the same age.B. They are similar in character. C. They are from different countries.

17. How does Victor feel about his team now?

A. It's about to break up. B. It's the best in Indiana. C. It's getting stronger.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18. Who is Tom Hokinson?

A. Founder of a magazine. B. Publisher of a novel. C. Editor of a newspaper.

19. What do we know about the content of The Idler?

A. It's old-fashioned. B. It's wide -ranging. C. It's student-targeted.

20. Why does the speaker give the talk?

A. To do a promotion. B. To discuss an issue. C. To introduce a lecturer.

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Bike Rental & Guided Tours

Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. Yosee much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. Yocan also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.

Why MacBike

MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.

Prices

HandBrake,ThreeGears

FootBrake,NoGears

1hour

?7.50

?5.00

3hours

?11.00

?7.50

1day(24hours)

?14.75

?9.75

Eachadditionalday

?8.00

?6.00

Guided City Tours

The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. Yocan buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.

21. What is an advantage of MacBike?

A. It gives children a discount. B. It of offers many types of bikes.

C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.

22. How much do yopay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days?

A. ?15.75. B. ?19.50. C. ?22.75. D. ?29.50.

23. Where does the guided city tour start?

A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.

C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.

When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.

After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.

The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.

He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.

Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.

“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “Yoput organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then yolet these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”

24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?

A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.

C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.

25. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?

A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.

C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.

26. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?

A. To review John’s research plans.

B. To show an application of John’s idea.

C. To compare John’s different jobs.

D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.

27. What is the basis for John’s work?

A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.

C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.

The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach yohow to adopt this philosophy if yodecide it’s right for you.

To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.

Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires yoto step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, yowill then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that yobelieve will provide massive benefits to the things yovalue.

In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide yothrough carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that yoshould avoid.

The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help yocultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help yoact on the big ideas of the chapter. Yocan view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances.

28. What is the book aimed at?

A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.

C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device.

29. What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean?

A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over.

30. What is presented in the final chapter of part one?

A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods.

C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses.

31. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two?

A. Use them as needed.

B. Recommend them to friends.

C. Evaluate their effects.

D. Identify the ideas behind them.

On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.

This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whaterer reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.

But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.

In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.

32. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?

A. The methods of estimation. B. The underlying logic of the effect.

C. The causes of people’s errors. D. The design of Galton’s experiment.

33. Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________.

A. the crowds were relatively small

B. there were occasional underestimates

C. individuals did not communicate

D. estimates were not fully independent

34. What did the follow-up study focus on?

A. The size of the groups.

B. The dominant members.

C. The discussion process.

D. The individual estimates.

35. What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies?

A. Unclear. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Approving.

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